magazine Calcalist: “An Invitation from Tel Aviv, a Prescription from the In- ernet, a Drug from America,” Calcalist, July 28, 2011.

86 $300,000 a month: Interview with Moran Oz.

86 planning an initial public offering: Interview with an anonymous call center manager who worked in both Israel and the Philippines.

86 named Asaf Shoshana: Shoshana declined to speak to me on the record when I contacted him while in Israel in 2016. Details of his participation derive from interviews with Moran Oz, two call center managers who worked alongside Shoshana, and two mercenaries who crossed paths with him in Le Roux’s or- ganization. Shoshana’s role is also described in USA v. Berkman, Document 774, January 17, 2017, at 24.

86 had Mafia connections in Israel: Interview with Moran Oz, independently noted by an anonymous call center manager. This fact also appears in the trial testimony of former Le Roux employee Jon Wall. See USA v. Berkman, Docu- ment 1005, February 9, 2017, at 565. “He has family in Israel that is danger- ous, connected to Israeli mafia,” Wall stated. Reuven himself did not respond to my inquiries by email, in person at his office, or via social media.

87 were sent to guard stash houses: This information will be discussed more thoroughly later in the book.

87 Levi Kugel: Kugel did not reply to repeated attempts to contact him at various email addresses and social media accounts. Details of his participation derive from interviews with Moran Oz, interviews with three anonymous call center managers, interviews with Ari Ben-Menashe, and interviews with Kent Bailey at the DEA, which was tracking Kugel as part of its investigation. Kugel’s role is also described in documents filed in USA v. Berkman, including: Document 811, February 3, 2017, at 5–6; Document 948, March 3, 2017, at 17; Document 774, January 17, 2017, at 13; Document 952-16, March 3, 2017, at 19; Document 952-5, October 16, 2013, at 25; Document 1005, February 9, 2017, at 552.

87 Ari Ben-Menashe didn’t find it terribly surprising: Details of Ben-Menashe’s interactions with Le Roux derive from Ben-Menashe unless otherwise noted. Questions about his reliability are included in the text.

87 first came to international prominence: See, for example, Robert McFarland v. Sheridan Square Press, August 16, 1996, D.D.C., 95-7201. For a good over- view on Ben-Menashe and his history see Brian Hutchinson, “The Unbeliev- able Life of Ari Ben-Menashe,” National Post, November 18, 2011.

87 wrote a book: Ari Ben-Menashe, Profits of War (Sheridan Square, 1992).

88 Craig Unger once wrote: Craig Unger, “The Trouble with Ari,” The Village Voice, July 7, 1992. The investigative journalist Seymour Hersh, who was also burned by Ben-Menashe, once called him “an enigma . . . who has a need to embellish constantly.” See Robert Miraldi, Seymour Hersh: Scoop Artist (Lin- coln, Neb.: Potomac Books, 2013), p. 282.

88 a bizarre 2002 incident: See, for example, “Joy as Mugabe Rival Cleared,” The Age, October 17, 2004; Brian Hutchinson, “The Unbelievable Life of Ari Ben-Menashe,” National Post, November 18, 2011.